
The svara concept is found in Chapter 28 of the ancient Natya Shastra, estimated to have been completed between 200 BCE to 200 CE. According to Ananda Coomaraswamy, the roots " svar", meaning "to shine" (whence " surya" or sun), and " svr", meaning "to sound or resound" (whence " swara", “musical note”) and also in some contexts "to shine", are all related in the ancient Indian imagination. For example, it appears in Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana section 111.33, where the cyclic rise and setting of sun and world, is referred to as "the music of spheres", and the sun is stated to be "humming the wheel of the world". Naradiya Siksha elaborates the nature of swaras, both Vedic chants and the octave. Siksha is the subject that deals with phonetics and pronunciation. The musical octave is said to have evolved from the elaborate and elongated chants of the Samaveda, based on these basic swaras. in chanting the following text on two notes:

Two- swara Vedic singing is called gaathika chanting, e.g. in chanting the following texts on one note: One- swara Vedic singing is called aarchika chanting, e.g. Vedic music has madhyama or ma as principal note so that tonal movement is possible towards lower and higher pitches, thus ma is taken for granted as fixed in any tonal music ( madhyama avilopi, मध्यम अविलोपी). The basic swaras of Vedic chanting are udatta, anudatta and svarita. In the general sense swara means tone, and applies to chanting and singing. However, scholars question whether the singing of hymns and chants were always limited to three tones during the Vedic era. The discussion there focusses on three accent pitch or levels: svarita (sounded, circumflex normal), udatta (high, raised) and anudatta (low, not raised). The word is found in the Vedic literature, particularly the Samaveda, where it means accent and tone, or a musical note, depending on the context. The Kannada word swara and Tamil alphabet or letter suram do not represent a sound, but rather more generally the place of articulation (PoA) (பிறப்பிடம்), where one generates a sound, and the sounds made there can vary in pitch. sva ranjayati iti svarah (स्व रञ्जयति इति स्वरः, that which colours itself in terms of appealing sound).svayam raajate iti svarah (स्वयं राजते इति स्वरः, appears on its own) and.svaryate iti svarah (स्वर्यते इति स्वरः, does breathing, shines, makes sound),.To be precise, the svara is defined in the Sanskrit nirukta system as: The word swara or svara (Sanskrit: स्वर) is derived from the root svr which means "to sound".


The “easy” exercise uses just root-position triad chords, making it easy to hear the movement of the root up to the fourth, fifth, and sixth degrees of the scale.The exercises come with three difficulty levels: Learn all the fundamentals of chord ear training with the Chord Progressions module of the Ear Expansion course.
